Electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers wang. Dsc was used to determine the glass transition temperature tg, melting temperature tm and heat flow of the polymeric fibers, while tga was. Addition of carbon nanotubes to electrospun polyacrylonitrile. Strong carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile. The change of morphological and structural modification by zinc chloride activation was investigated by a scanning electron microscopy sem analysis. Jan 20, 2009 this paper reports novel results regarding the effects of electrospun carbon nanofibers ecnf as a catalyst support by comparison with the commercial vulcan xc72r denoted as xc72r as granular particles. Ultrafine fibers were electrospun from polyacrylonitrile pann,ndimethyl formamide dmf solution as a precursor of carbon nanofibers. Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide go. The nanofibers were formed using the electrospinning process. Electrospinning is a simple and high throughput method to fabricate a. Electrospinning and postdrawn processing effects on the molecular. Polyacrylonitrile zinc oxide activated carbon nanofibers penyingkiran plumbumii daripada larutan akues mengunakan gentian nano karbon teraktif poliakrilonitrilzink oksida norfadhilatuladha abdullah1,2, muhamad hanis tajuddin1,2, norhaniza yusof1,2,juhana jaafar1,2, farhana aziz1,2, nurasyikin misdan3. Thermal behaviors of electrospun polyacronitrile pan fibers incorporated with graphene nanoplatelets and multiwall carbon nanotubes mwcnts were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry dsc and thermogravimetric analysis tga techniques.
Preparation and characterization of highly aligned carbon. Polyacrylonitrile pan, a wellknown polymer with good stability and mechanical properties, has been widely used in producing carbon nanofibers cnfs as these have attracted much recent attention due to their excellent characteristics, such as spinnability, environmentally benign nature and commercial viability. In this study, an electrospinning setup is developed to fabricate aligned and uniform yarns from pan, employing an adjustable rotating disc. Morphologies and structures of pan and carbon nanofibers were investigated. The fiber diameter increased with c and ranged from 30 nm to 3.
Carbon nanofibers cnfs derived from polyacrylonitrile pan have not yet demonstrated the high tensile strength and youngs modulus of their microscale. Carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile and their applications article pdf available in journal of materials science 492 september 2014 with 1,973 reads. Many polymers can be used for preparation of carbon nanofibers such as polyacrylonitrile pan, pitch and cellulose. Dielectric transition of polyacrylonitrile derived carbon. Pdf characteristics of carbon nanofibers produced from lignin. The continuous electrospun nanofibers had average diameters ranging from 392 to 903 nm. Electrospinning was used to make activated carbon nanofibers with polyacrylonitrile pan as the precursor. Electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers wang 2006. Similar as conventional carbon fiber production, pan is the most often used precursor polymer for carbon nanofibers from electrospinning. Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers coated with silver nanoparticles.
Novel polyacrylonitrilebased carbon fiber precursor. Using polyacrylonitrile pan as the filamentforming polymer matrix, an electrospinnable pan solution was prepared as the core fluid. Fabrication, characterization and modeling of aligned. Sep 14, 20 carbon nanofibers with diameters that fall into submicron and nanometer range have attracted growing attention in recent years due to their superior chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties in combination with their unique 1d nanostructures. Structural evolution of polyacrylonitrile fibers in stabilization and carbonization. Carbon nanofibers were produced from both polyacrylonitrile and mesophase pitch. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy tem, ir spectroscopy, raman spectroscopy, xray scattering, and. Electrospinning polyacrylonitrile to make carbon nanofibers for energy conversion applications by chris w. One of the challenges to activate the nanofibers is to increase the ssa and capacitance without damaging the graphitic fiber structure, which controls their mechanical properties 9. Synthesis of electrospun polyacrylonitrile derived carbon. Polyacrylonitrile pan nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and they were modified with hydroxylamine to synthesize amidoxime polyacrylonitrile aopan chelating nanofibers, which were applied to adsorb copper and iron ions. Structural evolution of polyacrylonitrile fibers in.
Therefore, the dimensions of dense, highly oriented ultra thin fibers are thought to hardly change. Polyacrylonitrile pan, whose behaviour in electrospinning is well known 30, 3841, was used in the experiments. Though it is thermoplastic, it does not melt under normal conditions. Polyacrylonitrile pan was electrospun in dimethylformamide as a function of electric field, solution flow rate, and polymer concentration c. The effects of zinc chloride addition on pore development of porous carbon nanofibers prepared by polyacrylonitrile pan n,ndimethylformamide dmf 10 wt% electrospinning were investigated. Carbon quantum dot cqdpolyacrylonitrile pan composite nanofibers were fabricated using the electrospinning procedure. Request pdf effects of electrospun polyacrylonitrilebased carbon nanofibers as catalyst support in pemfc this paper reports novel results regarding the effects of electrospun carbon.
The production of polyacrylonitrile based carbon nanofibers. Abstract this work deals with the thermoelectric properties of polyacrylonitrile pan nanofibers were tested. The effects of solution concentration, applied voltage and flow rate on preparation and morphologies of electrospun pan fibers were investigated. Therefore, electrospun pan nanofibers are ideal precursors for carbon nanofibers.
Polyacrylonitrile pan, a wellknown polymer with good stability and mechanical properties, has been widely used in producing carbon nanofibers cnfs as these have attracted much recent attention due to their excellent characteristics, such as spinnability, environmentally benign. Carbon nanofibers have been made by converting electrospun polyacrylonitrile pan to carbon by thermal carbonization treatment. Preparation of amidoxime polyacrylonitrile chelating. Corresponding authors a state key laboratory for modification of chemical fibers and polymer materials, college of materials science and engineering, donghua university, shanghai 201620, china. The results show that the additives were evenly dispersed in the carbon nanofibers, and the diameters of nanofibers were smaller than that pure polyacrylonitrile based carbon nanofibers. On the other hand, carbon nanofibers in continuous and aligned form have been derived from electrospun polymer nanofibers, such as polyacrylonitrile pan and. It melts above 300 c if the heating rates are 50 degrees per minute or above. Carbon nanofibers obtained from electrospinning process.
The ecnf was synthesized by stabilizing and carbonizing the electrospun panbased fibers. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing a high. They are established as the primary precursor used in commercial carbon fiber production. The fiber diameter increased with the flow rate and decreased when the electric field was increased by a change in the working distance. Electrospinning is widely used to produce carbon nanofiber from polyacrylonitrile pan. Composite nanofiber sheets of wellaligned polyacrylonitrile nanofibers pan containing multiwall carbon nanotubes mwcnts were prepared by electrospinning a mwcntsuspended solution of pan in dimethyl formamide using a moving collector. The applied voltage was found to be more influential on electrospun pan fiber diameters than the flow rate and needle tipcollector distance. Carbon nanofibers an overview sciencedirect topics. Sharmaimproved graphitization and electrical conductivity of suspended carbon nanofibers derived from carbon nanotube polyacrylonitrile composites by directed electrospinning. Characterizations of the samplessuch as morphology, the degree of alignment, and mechanical and conductive. Polyacrylonitrile and carbon nanofibers with controllable nanoporous structures by electrospinning zhenyi zhang center for advanced optoelectronic functional materials research, northeast normal university, changchun 024, pr china.
Electrospinning and postdrawn processing effects on the molecular organization and mechanical properties of polyacrylonitrile pan nanofibers volume 9 issue 2 david a. The alignment of fibers may vary depending on electrospinning condition. Carbon nanofibers with diameters that fall into submicron and nanometer range have attracted growing attention in recent years due to their superior chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties in combination with their unique 1d nanostructures. I strong carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile. Fitzer, e panbased carbon fiberspresent state and trend of the. Polyacrylonitrile panvapor grown carbon nanofiber vgcnf composite films were processed from n, ndimethylformamide dmf at various nanofiber loadings.
The fiber diameter increased with the flow rate and decreased when the electric field was increased by a change in the working. Tensile, dynamic mechanical, electrical, structural, and. Electrospun pan fibres have many possible applications, one of which is the production of carbon nanofibres cnf by carbonization of electrospun precursor fibres 17, 21, 25, 26, 29, 4045. Carbon nanofibers containing agtio2 composites as a. Polyacrylonitrile and carbon nanofibers with controllable. Preparation of carbon nanofibers from polyacrylonitrile. Korea institute of science and technology, seoul, korea. Electrospinning polyacrylonitrile to make carbon nanofibers. Electrospinning and postdrawn processing effects on the. Characteristics of carbon nanofibers produced from ligninpolyacrylonitrile pankraft ligningpan copolymer blends electrospun nanofibers. Institute of advanced composite materials, korea institute of science and technology, jeollabukdo, korea south 2.
Characteristics of carbon nanofibers produced from ligninpolyacrylonitrile pan kraft ligningpan copolymer blends electrospun nanofibers. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile based carbon nanofibers and their hydrogen storages macromol. Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties. Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and. Facile fabrication of foldable electrospun polyacrylonitrile. Electrospun polyacrylonitrilebased carbon nanofibers and. The carbon structure of panbased carbon nanofiber carbonized at. Unlike catalytic synthesis, electrospinning polyacrylonitrile pan followed by stabilization and carbonization has become a straightforward and convenient route to make continuous carbon nanofibers. A silver nitrate agno 3 solution was exploited as sheath fluid to carry out the modified coaxial electrospinning process under varied sheathtocore flow rate ratios. Facile fabrication of foldable electrospun polyacrylonitrilebased carbon nanofibers for flexible lithiumion batteries renzhong chen, ab yi hu, abc zhen shen, ab peng pan, ab xia he, ab keshi wu, ab xiangwu zhang d and zhongling cheng ab. The effect of amps comonomer on the carbon nanofibers was studied. Porous carbon nanofibers from electrospun biomass tar. Nanofibers were oxidized and carbonized at temperatures from 600 c to 1850 c. Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers 1750 mpa strong and 605 mpa.
Stabilization and carbonization processes were used to convert asspun nanofibers to carbon fibers. Structure of the asobtained carbon nanofibers is given in fig. Preparation, stabilization and carbonization of a novel. The structure and surface morphology of the aopan nanofiber were characterized.
Owing to their high thermal stability and great carbon yield, polyacrylonitrile pan. Synthesis and properties of photoluminescent carbon quantum. Properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile membranes and. Abstract in this work, polyacrylonitrile pan and carbon nanofibers with controllable nanoporous structures were successfully prepared via electrospinning technique. Jul 28, 2006 polyacrylonitrile pan was electrospun in dimethylformamide as a function of electric field, solution flow rate, and polymer concentration c. Paper open access preparation of polyacrylonitrile based. Preparation and characterization of polyacrylonitrilebased. Polyacrylonitrile pan, also known as polyvinyl cyanide and creslan 61, is a synthetic, semicrystalline organic polymer resin, with the linear formula c 3 h 3 n n.
A novel route to fabricate lowcost porous carbon nanofibers cnfs using biomass tar, polyacrylonitrile pan, and silver nanoparticles has been demonstrated through electrospinning and subsequent stabilization and carbonization processes. The oxidation and carbonization of pan nanofibers were carried out under a tensionless condition or with a slight tension. Unlike catalytic synthesis, electrospinning polyacrylonitrile pan followed by stabilization and carbonization has become a straightforward and. The composite nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, uvvisible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrophotometry, fluorescence microscopy, and reflection spectrophotometry. Jun 19, 20 carbon nanofibers prepared from electrospun polyimide, polysulfone and polyacrylonitrile nanofibers by ionbeam irradiation katsuya sode 1, 2 tomoki sato 1, 2. The conversion of the nitrile group in pan was calculated by the gravimetric method. Polyacrylonitrile pan and preferably its copolymers are the most common precursors for the production of carbon nanofibers as well as activated carbon nanofibers and fabrics. Brief overview of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers. Effects of electrospun polyacrylonitrilebased carbon. Apr 25, 20 continuous carbon nanofibers cnf were manufactured by electrospinning from polyacrylonitrile pan with 1. The addition of biomass tar resulted in increased fiber diameters. In the electrospinning process, a modified parallel electrode method mpem, conducted by placing a positively charged ring between the needle and the parallel electrode collector, was used to fabricate highly aligned carbon nanotubespolyacrylonitrile cntspan composite nanofibers.
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